The Historical Development of Pharmacy in Indonesia
News

The Historical Development of Pharmacy in Indonesia

- by Anthony McCarthy

Pharmacy in Indonesia has a rich and complex history that intertwines with the nation’s cultural, social, and scientific evolution. From the early use of traditional medicines to the establishment of modern pharmaceutical practices, the development of pharmacy in Indonesia reflects the broader changes in the healthcare landscape. This article explores the historical development of pharmacy in Indonesia, tracing its journey from ancient practices to contemporary advancements. Visit pafikotakebumen.org

Ancient and Traditional Medicine

Before the introduction of modern pharmacy, traditional medicine played a central role in Indonesian healthcare. Traditional medicine, known as “jamu,” has been used for centuries and remains popular today. Jamu consists of natural remedies derived from plants, herbs, and spices, often prepared based on traditional knowledge passed down through generations.

Colonial Influence and Early Developments

The arrival of European colonial powers in the 16th century, particularly the Dutch, brought significant changes to the healthcare system in Indonesia. The Dutch East India Company (VOC) established medical facilities to cater to the needs of their personnel, introducing Western medical practices, including pharmacy.

In the early 19th century, the Dutch colonial government began formalizing healthcare services. The first pharmacy-related regulations were introduced to ensure the quality and safety of medicines. This period saw the establishment of apothecaries, where trained pharmacists dispensed medications and provided healthcare services.

Establishment of Formal Pharmacy Education

The need for formally trained pharmacists became apparent as the healthcare system expanded. In 1923, the first pharmacy school, Sekolah Apoteker, was established in Jakarta. This marked a significant milestone in the professionalization of pharmacy in Indonesia. The curriculum included courses in pharmaceutical sciences, chemistry, and pharmacology, laying the foundation for modern pharmacy education.

The establishment of Sekolah Apoteker paved the way for the growth of pharmacy as a recognized profession. Graduates of the program were awarded the title of …

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The Role of VIN in Selling Your Car Online
Auto & Motor

The Role of VIN in Selling Your Car Online

- by Anthony McCarthy

The VIN is a unique code that identifies your vehicle. It’s like a car’s fingerprint. The first three characters tell you the manufacturer. The fourth to eighth digits reveal more details, such as the vehicle model and body style. The ninth character is a security check digit. 

What is a VIN?

A VIN is the Vehicle Identification Number that authenticates a vehicle. It consists of 17 characters (numbers and letters) identifying the car, truck, or motorcycle. VINs are used by vehicle dealerships, insurance companies, parts suppliers, government agencies, and potential buyers to verify that a car is genuine. The first three characters in a VIN indicate the country of origin. The second three digits identify the manufacturer. The third to eighth characters tell more about the car, such as its model year and assembly plant. The ninth character is a check digit that ensures the authenticity of the VIN. The tenth to seventeenth characters indicates specific vehicle attributes, like engine size and type, transmission type, and body style. However, these numbers can vary by manufacturer. The VIN will be valid when selling your car to the best website to sell car online Washington or running a vehicle history report. It will also help you stay on top of any recalls your car may have. You can consult a VIN decoder to find out more about these characters. A VIN also contains information about accidents, repairs, and title problems. Only motorized vehicles come with a VIN.

How do I find my VIN?

Like your Social Security Number, a VIN is uniquely specific to your car. You can find it in a few places, including on the driver’s side dashboard and inside the front of your windshield. It can also be found on the necessary paperwork, such as the car title and …

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Benefits You Can Get From Handicap Vehicles
Concept Car Design

Benefits You Can Get From Handicap Vehicles

- by Anthony McCarthy

Whether you need to transport your wheelchair or your loved one, a handicapped vehicle can offer many benefits. From full-sized wheelchair vans to rear-loading wheelchair vans, a mobility van can help you get around more quickly and efficiently, saving you both time and money.

Full-sized wheelchair vans offer efficiency and practicality

A full-sized wheelchair van gives you the space and freedom to move around and go on an adventure. You’ll have room for three passengers in the rear and can carry equipment. The full-sized wheelchair van also offers safety. It has a 51-inch-long ramp and can accommodate weights up to 750 pounds. You can park it easily and use it to transport two wheelchairs. The lowered floor of the modern minivan allows for more interior space and headroom. Combined with the raised door system, this makes getting into and out of the vehicle easier. This system is often used for motorized wheelchairs. Some full-sized handicap vehicles for sale conversion vans also feature side entry. These vehicles can fit two wheelchairs and a stretcher. They can also have hand controls and removable front seats. These vans are not only practical, but they are economical. You will find that they are easy to load and have a reliable safety record. A full-size wheelchair van is also an excellent choice for a family. If you are looking for a wheelchair-accessible van, you should take measurements of the height of the vehicle you want to purchase. This is important to make sure the wheelchair will fit. You should also consider the space you need to store the wheelchair. It’s always better to have extra space.

Rear-loading wheelchair vans

Purchasing a rear-loading wheelchair van for sale can make your life a little easier. There are many advantages to owning one. For starters, a rear-loading vehicle …

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4 Advantages of Self-Driving Cars
Auto & Motor / Buy a Car

4 Advantages of Self-Driving Cars

- by Anthony McCarthy

Self-driving cars are expected to change the world for the better, and their advanced features will have a massive impact on our lives and make everything run smoother. With enough time, self-driving cars will eventually become used by everyone worldwide.

There is more to self-driving cars than what meets the eye. Not only does it prevent thousands of deaths a year, but it also saves you from a lot of costly repairs caused by collisions and human errors.

While fully autonomous cars still have a lot of flaws and are far from being implemented into society, they will eventually overcome these flaws with enough time and patience as time passes and technology evolves.

If you’re looking forward to replacing your vehicle with a more advanced one, you can sell your used car in the Dubai and we will gladly purchase it from you at a fair price.

     1.  Safer Roads 

The switch to self-driving cars can save many lives from accidents caused by human error, such as DUI driving, driving without paying attention to the road, and driving over the speed limit. 

It can also help the elderly and the disabled travel around with little to no risk of harming themselves and others around them. 

Thanks to the improved AI (Artificial Intelligence) of the car that requires no human assistance or effort to navigate around, self-driving vehicles can cause a massive drop in casualties and injuries resulting from car crashes. 

Self-driving cars can also detect a faulty component in the system and issue a warning to the driver to alert them of the malfunction.

    2.  Better for the Environment

One of the best characteristics that self-driving cars possess is their eco-friendly nature. It carries enormous benefits for nature and is considered a much better substitute than regular cars that emit …

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Electric Vehicle Technology Companies
Electric Vehicle

Electric Vehicle Technology Companies

- by Anthony McCarthy

Members of the REVI include several electric vehicle technology companies. The following list highlights Coulomb Technology, Dana Inc., and Elaphe Propulsion Technologies. These companies are leading innovators in the field and paving the way for the next generation of electric vehicles. Read on for more information about these companies and the benefits of working with them. Listed below are their names and links to their websites. We also discuss the value proposition of their products.

Members of REVI include electric vehicle technology companies

The Clean Energy Ministerial, a high-level dialogue between the leaders of major countries, includes REVI members and other electric vehicle technology companies. EVI has 15 members, including Germany, Canada, Chile, India, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States. Among the members of REVI are electric vehicle technology companies, which are involved in developing and promoting new technologies and products.

Dana Inc.

The Dana Incorporated is an American manufacturer of axles, driveshafts, transmissions, and electrodynamic, thermal, sealing, and digital equipment. The company aims to serve the light vehicle, commercial vehicle, and off-highway equipment markets. The company also provides services to other industries, including the aerospace industry. The company’s products are available in more than 20 countries. To learn more about the company, click on the links below.

Elaphe Propulsion Technologies

Slovenia-based Elaphe Propulsion Technologies is an innovator of in-wheel electric propulsion systems for electric vehicles. The company has already secured EUR7 million in government funding, which will help it expand internationally and leverage its 150-person engineering team. The company is planning to use the investment to advance its technology and to lead the way toward new mobility form factors and solutions. Its technology is ready to take on the competition.

Coulomb Technology

As an early entrant in the EVSE market, Coulomb Technologies …

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